The cable generally works for Apple CarPlay if your car supports CarPlay via USB and you connect the iPhone via USB. It is important that the cable has a USB-A connection on one side and USB-C on the other, which is the case with this cable. However, Apple recommends using an original Apple USB cable to avoid compatibility issues. As the cable supports USB 2.0, it is sufficient for data transfer as CarPlay does not require USB 3.0 speed. If your car only supports CarPlay wirelessly, the cable is not relevant. To summarise: The cable can be used for Apple CarPlay if your car supports CarPlay via USB-A and the iPhone is connected via USB-C, but Apple recommends using an original Apple cable for optimal compatibility.

Unfortunately, I can't interpret what the question is.

Only with a lot of force, because your external hard drive has a USB-Micro (old), USB-Mini or USB-B (very old). The USB-A is/was always on the side of the laptop/computer.

That should work, I don't see a problem

I'll try a whole sentence. Yes, the cable also works with an iPhone 15, if that was the question.

It is written twice. Once at the top of the specification even.

For me, "fast charging" is a buzzword which must be defined precisely, even if Samsung calls pretty much all of their devices so. What I can say from my experience with this cable is that the charging performance with both 2 A and 3 A (10 W, 15 W power) is perfect. I believe, nowadays cables are no longer the bottleneck when it comes to a good charging performance as most of them are good quality.

Yes, if you have a power supply unit with a USB-A connection, this should not be a problem.