Unfortunately, I can't interpret what the question is.

Only with a lot of force, because your external hard drive has a USB-Micro (old), USB-Mini or USB-B (very old). The USB-A is/was always on the side of the laptop/computer.

That should work, I don't see a problem

I'll try a whole sentence. Yes, the cable also works with an iPhone 15, if that was the question.

It is written twice. Once at the top of the specification even.

For me, "fast charging" is a buzzword which must be defined precisely, even if Samsung calls pretty much all of their devices so. What I can say from my experience with this cable is that the charging performance with both 2 A and 3 A (10 W, 15 W power) is perfect. I believe, nowadays cables are no longer the bottleneck when it comes to a good charging performance as most of them are good quality.

Yes, if you have a power supply unit with a USB-A connection, this should not be a problem.