This depends on which USB 3 generation is supported by this port (Thunderbolt is an additional protocol that unfortunately does not help with USB). With Gen 3.1 5Gbit, Gen 3.2 10Gbit. According to reviews, it gets 800MB/s read and 620 MB/s write at Gen 3.2. USB 3.2 Gen 2x2 is very new on the market and there are only a few cards that support this standard. I don't think there are any laptops yet.

For others who have the same question:

As Schnitta said, it depends on the USB connector.
With a Thunderbolt 3 connector, you'll probably only get 10Gb/s, as USB 3.2 Gen 2x2 is newer than Thunderbolt 3.

With Thunderbolt 4: It depends. With my Lenovo X1 Yoga Gen 6, for example, even though it's new, I only have USB 3.2 Gen 2, which is 10Gb/s.

With USB 4: It should actually work, but I haven't been able to test it yet, but as far as I know USB 4 allows up to 40Gb/s.