As far as I know, the following applies to the Xbox One X:
- The external hard drive must support at least USB 3.0.
- It must be at least 256 gigabytes in size so that you can store games and apps on it. Otherwise, the Xbox will only use the space for pictures, music and videos.
- The drive must be a maximum of 16 terabytes.
- The drive must be connected directly to the console, i.e. not via USB hub.
- Up to three drives can be used simultaneously as external storage.

(see e.g. here: https://www.pc-magazin.de/ratgeber...)

This would mean in relation to your disc -> works probably just needs the power supply of the disk, otherwise the power supply is not guaranteed.